Lambda saysThe stack trace shows the call path to an error — your first debugging clue.
Every Error carries a .stack string listing the function calls that led to it, newest first. Read it top-down to find where the throw happened and how you got there. In DevTools the trace is clickable. Don't strip stacks in production logs — they're how you reconstruct failures you can't reproduce.
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err.stack lists the call path (newest first)
Read top-down to locate the throw
DevTools makes traces clickable
Keep stacks in logs for forensics
The Mutator attacks — common mistakes
Logging only err.message and losing the trace
Re-throwing in a way that erases the original stack
Minified stacks with no source maps
Boss battleThrow from a nested function and log err.stack to see the call path.